Development of a Nasonia in vitrogerm-free rearing system in 2012 enabled investigation of Nasonia-microbiota interactions and real-time visualization of parasitoid metamorphosis.However, the use of antibiotics, bleach, and fetal bovine serum introduced artifacts relative to conventional rearing of Nasonia.Here, we optimize the germ-free read more rearing procedure by using filter sterilization in lieu of antibiotics and by removing residual bleach and fetal bovine serum.Comparison of these methods reveals no influence on larval survival or growth, and a 52% improvement in miracle academy clothing adult production.Additionally, adult males produced in the new germ-free system are similar in size to conventionally reared males.
Experimental implications of these changes are discussed.